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The nuclear reaction known as proton-boron fusion has been triggered by a subnanosecond laser system focused onto a thick boron nitride target at modest laser intensity …

Can a laser ion accelerator produce a proton beam?

Writing in Nature Physics, Tim Ziegler and colleagues have reached a milestone in the development of such compact laser-driven ion accelerators by demonstrating that proton beams with energies up to 150 MeV can be produced with a petawatt laser 1.

What is proton-boron fusion?

The nuclear reaction known as proton-boron fusion has been triggered by a subnanosecond laser system focused onto a thick boron nitride target at modest laser intensity ($\ensuremath {\sim} {10}^ {16}\phantom {\rule {0.28em} {0ex}} {\mathrm {W}/\mathrm {cm}}^ {2}$), resulting in a record yield of generated \ensuremath {\alpha} particles.

Does a micrometer-size scale-length pre-plasma increase proton acceleration?

Our study demonstrates experimentally that a micrometer-size scale-length pre-plasma can strongly enhance proton acceleration driven by ultraintense laser interaction with not-so-thin foil targets, leading to a threefold increase of the cut-off energy with respect to the case with no pre-plasma.

Are relativistic electron rings a good accelerator/collimator for Ultrahigh energy proton source?

Relativistic electron rings hold the possibility of very high accelerating rates, and hopefully a relatively cheap and compact accelerator/collimator for ultrahigh energy proton source.

What is a high-energy ion accelerator?

Now, proton beams with energies up to 150 MeV have been achieved with a repetitive petawatt laser. High-energy ion accelerators are powerful tools for both fundamental research and applications. A famous example is the Large Hadron Collider, the world’s largest accelerator, built for the study of particle and nuclear physics.

Phys. Rev. E 101, 013204 (2020)

The nuclear reaction known as proton-boron fusion has been triggered by a subnanosecond laser system focused onto a thick boron nitride target at modest laser intensity …

Novel radiation quality metrics accounting for proton energy …

1 INTRODUCTION. In proton radiotherapy, a fixed relative biological effectiveness (RBE) value of 1.1 is commonly used, assuming that protons are 10% more …

The Proton Energy

17 Breit frame Q = (0,0,0,−1) p = Q/(2x B)(1,0,0,1) Perturbative collinear ISR enters the detector; contributions from the radiations due to the hard interaction are power suppressed, beam …

Phys. Rev. E 103, 053202 (2021)

In an experiment performed with a high-intensity and high-energy laser system, $ensuremath{alpha}$-particle production in proton-boron reaction by using a laser-driven …

Quantum Free Energy Profiles for Molecular Proton Transfers

Although many molecular dynamics simulations treat the atomic nuclei as classical particles, an adequate description of nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) is indispensable when studying …

Analytical calculation of proton linear energy transfer in voxelized ...

1705 Physics in Medicine & Biology Analytical calculation of proton linear energy transfer in voxelized geometries including secondary protons D Sanchez-Parcerisa 1,4, M A Cortés …

Nuclear shell model

In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model utilizes the Pauli exclusion principle to model the structure of atomic nuclei in terms of energy levels. [1] …

Polarized proton acceleration in ultraintense laser interaction with ...

The production of polarized proton beams with multi-GeV energies in ultraintense laser interaction with targets is studied with three-dimensional particle-in-cell …

Simultaneous reduction of number of spots and energy layers in ...

Corresponding Author. Anqi Fu [email protected] Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA. Correspondence

Proton range monitoring using 13N peak for proton therapy …

The Monte Carlo method is employed in this study to simulate the proton irradiation of a water-gel phantom. Positron-emitting radionuclides such as 11 C, 15 O, and 13 …

Control of proton transport and hydrogenation in double-gated …

The basal plane of graphene can function as a selective barrier that is permeable to protons1,2 but impermeable to all ions3,4 and gases5,6, stimulating its use in …

Proton: Privacy by default

Over 100 million people use Proton to stay private and secure online. Get a free Proton account and take back your privacy.

HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS

4 Cross-section ˙ pp Cross-sections for single pion-production in inelastic pp-collisions: Total cross-section ˙ ppgrows quickly toseveral tens of mbfor proton projec- tile E kin˘few GeV, and …

Proton-Radiation Tolerant All-Perovskite Multijunction …

Radiation-resistant but cost-efficient, flexible, and ultralight solar sheets with high specific power (W g −1) are the "holy grail" of the new space revolution, powering private space exploration, low-cost missions, and future …

Projects: The NHS'' first high-energy proton beam cancer

Of the Christie facility''s total budget, £80m has been spent on construction while £50m has been allocated for the equipment alone. And the entire project had to be delivered …

Designing the next generation of proton-exchange membrane fuel …

With the rapid growth and development of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, there has been increasing demand for clean and sustainable global …

Proton-coupled energy transfer in molecular triads

More recently, the charge transfer mechanism of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) has generated great interest ().PCET is a key reaction behind biological …

Petawatt pulse pushes protons | Nature Physics

Laser-driven acceleration is a promising path towards more compact machines. Now, proton beams with energies up to 150 MeV have been achieved with a repetitive petawatt …

Proton Energy Systems | arpa-e.energy.gov

Proton Energy Systems will develop a hydrogen-iron flow battery that can generate hydrogen for use and energy storage on the electric grid. This dual-purpose device …

MPRAD: A Monte Carlo and ray-tracing code for the ...

Proton radiography is used in various high-energy-density (HED) plasma experiments. In this paper, we describe a Monte Carlo and ray-tracing simulation tool called …

Laser-driven high-energy proton beams from cascaded ...

Laser-driven ion accelerators can deliver high-energy, high-peak current beams and are thus attracting attention as a compact alternative to conventional accelerators. …

Proton

A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol p, H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge) s mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and …

Emerging Two-Dimensional Materials for Proton-Based Energy …

The rapid diffusion kinetics and smallest ion radius make protons the ideal cations toward the ultimate energy storage technology combining the ultrafast charging capabilities of …

Solar Longitude Distribution of High-energy Proton Flares

Table 1 gives the dates, solar flare coordinates, proton fluences (F 30, F 200, and F 430), and the spectral index SI 30/200 (= log (F 30/ F 200)) determined from the spectral …

DOE Explains...Protons | Department of Energy

U.S. Department of Energy 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585 (202) 586-5430

Benchmarking the computed proton solvation energy and …

The generally excepted value of the proton solvation energy in water is 11.53 eV [21], [22], [23], [24].However, the exact value can vary by several hundred meV between …

Proton energy enhancement by optimizing a laser pulse profile

Based on current laboratory laser parameters and the low density target that is induced by the inevitable prepulse, we propose what we believe to be a new scheme to …

How Stiff Is the Proton? | Department of Energy

The Science. The proton is a composite particle made up of fundamental building blocks of quarks and gluons. These components and their interactions determine the …

Gamma-ray cross-sections of the 27Al(p,p`γ)27Al reaction in

The 27Al(p,p`γ)27Al nuclear reaction provides the highest cross-sections for gamma-ray emission in aluminium. As a result, the corresponding γ1—844 keV and γ2—1014 …

One and two proton separation energies from nuclear mass …

One and two proton separation energies from nuclear mass systematics using neural networks S. Athanassopoulos, a E. Mavrommatis, a K. A. Gernoth, b J. W. Clark c aPhysics Department, …

High Energy electron and proton acceleration by circularly …

The effectiveness of MVA mechanism requires the efficient transfer of laser energy to the fast electrons in the plasma, which are accelerated in the plasma channel along …

Enhanced laser-driven proton acceleration via improved fast …

The interaction of ultraintense laser pulses with solids is largely affected by the plasma gradient at the vacuum–solid interface, which modifies the absorption and ultimately, …

Proton batteries shape the next energy storage

As an interesting ionic charge carrier, proton has the smallest ionic radius and the lowest ionic mass (Fig. 1a).Therefore, compared with metal carriers [16], proton has ultra-fast …

Proton Energy Measurement Using Stacked Silicon Detectors

5 mm respectively. The 150 µ m-thick Si(Li) detector has 75mm 2 active area and two electrode layers, 40.4 é gm/cm 2-thick Au and 30.1 é gm/cm 2-thick Al.The 2 mm-thick Si(Li) detector …

The Renaissance of Proton Batteries

Herein, the recent progress on proton batteries is discussed. The electrode materials in terms of their proton storage properties are discussed. Different proton electrolytes …

Proton Energy

Proton radiobiology and uncertainties. Tracy Chui-hsu Yang, in Radiation Measurements, 1999. Protons dominate solar particle spectra (Rust, 1992; Smart and Shea, 1997).Since the …

Two solar proton fluence models based on ground level …

1 Introduction. In some of the most extreme solar energetic particle (SEP) events, particles can be accelerated up to GeV energies. These energies are sufficient for …

Characterizing solar proton energy spectra for radiation effects ...

The Weibull distribution for smallest values is shown to be a useful description for solar proton event energy spectra. One advantage is its compact analytic expression, which allows easy …

Proton Radiation Hardness of Perovskite Solar Cells Utilizing a ...

1 Introduction. Since the launch of Explorer 1 and 3, which led to the discovery of the Van Allen belts in 1958, tremendous effort has been given to protect spacefaring electronic …